Prevalence and Association of Risk Factors for Ankle Sprain among High School Sports Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55735/hjprs.v5i2.346Keywords:
Ankle injuries, High school sports , Lower limb injuries , Risk factorsAbstract
Background: Acute ankle sprains cause short-term problems, recurrence, and functional instability. Risk factors include uneven surfaces, previous sprains, weak ankles, high-heeled shoes, and lack of warm-up. Comprehending the risk factors can help improve the prevention and intervention strategies for ankle sprains. Objective: To find the prevalence and association of risk factors for ankle sprain in high school sports. Methodology: It was an analytical cross-sectional study. A convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data, which was collected from DHA Senior School and Garrison Academy Lahore. It was completed within 4 months after the approval of the synopsis. The study includes 216 high school sports students aged 13-18 years. Both gender male and female students are included in the study; sports students participated at the school level and district level, and students engaged in football, basketball, and cricket actively for above 6 months. The exclusion criteria include those higher. Secondary school students who have not actively participated in sports in the last 3 months, Sports students with a recent history of fracture/ trauma to the lower limb excluded from the study and students with congenital deformities in the lower limb. The ethical approval was taken from the ethical review committee of CMH Lahore Medical College and the Institute of Dentistry. Informed consent was taken from the individuals. Results: Table 1 presents the demographics of all participants, with the majority being 16 years old and enrolled in studies. The majority of the participants were male students. Figure 1 represents the percentage of ankle sprains in the past and present. 47.7% of respondents showed positive ankle sprains in the past, whereas at present, close to 27% include positive findings. According to this figure, 29.17 students had previously undergone physical therapy for ankle sprains. Conclusion: The prevalence of ankle sprains among high school students is 26.9%. The risk factors contributing greatly to ankle sprains among high school athletes were uneven surfaces and improperly fitted shoes, therefore highlighting the importance of implementing preventive measures and being mindful of the associated risk factors to prevent future injuries and recurrences.
References
1. Mir TA, Subhani RM, Jabbar M, Mehmood S, Latif W, Laique T. Prevalence of Ankle Sprain Among Athletes of Educational Institutes of Faisalabad. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences. 2021; 14(18):20.
2. Koutras C, Antoniou SA, Jäger M, Heep H. Acute injuries sustained by racing drivers: A cross-sectional study. Acta Orthopædica Belgica. 2017; 83(4):512-20.
3. Swords M, Brilhault J, Sands A. Acute and chronic syndesmotic injury: the authors’ approach to treatment. Clinics A. 2018; 23(4):625-37.
4. Slater K, Acute lateral ankle instability. Clinics A. 2018; 23(4):523-37.
5. Oztekin HH, Boya H, Ozcan O, Zeren B, Pinar P. Foot and ankle injuries and time lost from play in professional soccer players. The Foot. 2009; 19(1):22-8.
6. Junge A, Drovak J. Football injuries, a review on incidence and prevention. Sports Medicine. 2004; 34:929-38.
7. Ekstrand J, Hägglund M, Waldén M. Injury incidence and injury patterns in professional football: the UEFA injury study. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2011; 45(7):553-8.
8. Alyami AH, Darraj H, Hamdi S, Saber A, Bakri N, Maghrabi R, Hakami KM, Darraj A. Awareness of anterior cruciate ligament injury—preventive training programs among Saudi Athletes. Clinics and Practice. 2023 May 29;13(3):656-65.
9. Bridgman S, Clement D, Downing A, Walley G, Phair I, Maffulli N. Population based epidemiology of ankle sprains attending accident and emergency units in the West Midlands of England, and a survey of UK practice for severe ankle sprains. Emergency Medicine Journal. 2003; 20(6):508-10.
10. Doherty C, Bleakley C, Delahunt E, Holden S. Treatment and prevention of acute and recurrent ankle sprain: an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2017; 51(2):113-25.
11. Wang D-y, Jiao C, Ao Y-f, Yu J-k, Guo Q-w, Xie X, et al. Risk factors for osteochondral lesions and osteophytes in chronic lateral ankle instability: a case series of 1169 patients. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. 2020; 8(5):2325967120922821.
12. Mauntel TC, Wikstrom EA, Roos KG, Djoko A, Dompier TP, Kerr ZY. The epidemiology of high ankle sprains in National Collegiate Athletic Association sports. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2017; 45 (9):2156-63.
13. McCriskin BJ, Cameron KL, Orr JD, Waterman BR. Management and prevention of acute and chronic lateral ankle instability in athletic patient populations. World Journal of Orthopedics. 2015; 6 (2):161.
14. Ponkilainen VT, Laine H-J, Mäenpää HM, Mattila VM, Haapasalo H. Incidence and characteristics of midfoot injuries. Sage Journals. 2019; 40 (1):105-12.
15. Ekstrand J. Keeping your top players on the pitch: the key to football medicine at a professional level. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine; 2013.
16. Hertel J. Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability. Journal of Athletic Training. 2002; 37 (4):364.
17. Melanson SW, Shuman VL. Acute ankle sprain. Europe PubMed Central. 2017.
18. Alyami AH, Darraj H, Hamdi S, Saber A, Bakri N, Maghrabi R, Hakami KM, Darraj A. Awareness of anterior cruciate ligament injury—preventive training programs among Saudi Athletes. Clinics and Practice. 2023 May 29;13(3):656-65.
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2025 The Healer Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
