Association of Restless Leg Syndrome with Sleep Quality among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55735/8krphh24Keywords:
Quality of life, Restless leg syndrome, Sleep disturbance, Type 2 diabetesAbstract
Background: Restless leg syndrome manifests as a peripheral disorder marked by discomfort and an unsettled sensation in the legs, typically occurring during nighttime, and significantly affects one’s quality of life and overall health. Primary restless leg syndrome is classified as idiopathic, with unknown causes, while secondary is attributed to genetic factors. Objective: To determine the association of restless leg syndrome with sleep quality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Diabetes Centre, Allama Iqbal Town, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 137 patients with T2DM were included using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. This approach involved selecting patients who met specific inclusion criteria, including both genders, age ≥30 years, with a confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Exclusion criteria included patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes, or those suffering from psychiatric, cognitive, or neurological impairments. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire designed to capture demographic, clinical, and behavioural characteristics. Frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations were computed to summarize demographic and clinical characteristics. The chi-square test was used to assess the association between categorical variables. Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation coefficients were calculated to assess relationships between continuous variables such as duration of diabetes and HbA1c levels. Results: Among the 137 participants, females over the age of 40 were more affected than males. The P values for various aspects of quality of life were found to be significant: physical quality of life (0.037), psychological quality of life (0.016), social quality of life (0.011), environmental quality of life (0.045), and total quality of life (0.044), all of which were less than 0.05. This indicates a significant association between restless leg syndrome and the participants’ quality of life. Conclusion: Our conclusion revealed a higher prevalence of restless leg syndrome among females compared to males among patients with type 2 diabetes. Additionally, sleep disturbances were notably more pronounced in females.
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