Rehabilitation Strategies for Anterior Shoulder Instability in Patients with Post-Arthroscopic Bankart Repair

Abstract

Anterior shoulder instability is a common condition, particularly among young and active individuals, often resulting from repetitive stress or traumatic events. Surgical intervention, most notably arthroscopic Bankart repair, is frequently required to restore shoulder stability and prevent recurrence. Despite advancements in surgical techniques, the foundation of successful recovery lies in a structured, individualized rehabilitation program. Rehabilitation progresses through defined phases, beginning with immobilization and pain control, then advancing to mobilization, strengthening, and proprioceptive training. Each stage is aimed at protecting healing tissues, restoring neuromuscular control, and ensuring a safe return to activity. A major challenge in managing anterior shoulder instability is the lack of consensus on optimal postoperative protocols and surgical indications. Variability in patient demographics, anatomical differences, and surgeon preferences contributes to inconsistencies in treatment strategies. In cases involving significant bone loss or engaging Hill-Sachs lesions, additional procedures such as remplissage or the Latarjet technique may be necessary to enhance stability and outcomes. Personalized care remains essential. Factors such as patient age, activity level, and anatomical considerations must guide treatment decisions. The development of standardized guidelines, improved imaging for surgical planning, and long-term studies evaluating joint health and functional outcomes are needed. A multidisciplinary approach, combining the expertise of surgeons, physiotherapists, and patients in a shared decision-making process, is crucial for optimizing recovery and patient satisfaction. A comprehensive, tailored strategy that integrates precise surgical intervention with evidence-based rehabilitation offers the most effective path to durable recovery and functional restoration in individuals with anterior shoulder instability. Importantly, the management approach must be thoughtfully individualized, taking into account patient age, activity level, and the specific nature of the injury. By integrating patient goals with evolving evidence, clinicians can continue to improve both the quality and durability of treatment, helping patients regain confidence.